I2C DAC and Backlight Driver
Also shows 32kB EEPROM
And yellow power LED and 5 MHz crystal
A small IC chip controls the backlight intensity with an analog signal provided by one channel of a 2 channel DAC on the I2C bus.  The extra DAC channel is provided on the header shown.  The DAC is 8-bit and converts an input level from 0-255 into a voltage between 0 and 3.3 V.  The useful range of the backlight driver is less than that however.  Anything above about 1.25 V (setting of ~100) translates into full intensity.  To save power (especially in battery powered setups) it is a good idea to dim the backlight when not in use.